Currently available medical cannabis strains in Poland (April 2026)
Complete list of 25+ medical cannabis strains available in Polish pharmacies in 2026: THC/CBD, producers (Aurora, Bedrocan, Tilray), prices, indications.
The Polish medical cannabis market in 2026 already includes over 60 registered trade names of hemp flower, available in pharmacies with a Rpw prescription. The number of patients undergoing therapy has exceeded 300 thousand, with a growth rate of about 35% year on year (Polish Society of Cannabis Medicine, 2026). Despite the dynamic market development, choosing a specific strain for a patient still poses challenges for doctors and pharmacists.
This guide is a comprehensive, encyclopedic list of medical cannabis strains available in Polish pharmacies in the first quarter of 2026. The compilation includes products from key suppliers: Aurora Cannabis, Bedrocan, Spectrum Therapeutics, Tilray, Cantourage, Khiron, Symtomax, Cosma, Four20 Pharma, as well as smaller entities such as PhytoPur Bio, S-Lab, and Synoptis Pharma. Each entry contains a chemotypic profile, dominant terpenes, genetic classification, and an indicative price range.
The text is for reference and informational purposes. It is aimed at patients holding a Rpw prescription, doctors seeking a synthetic comparison of strain profiles, and pharmacists managing the list of psychotropic and narcotic drugs. It does not constitute medical advice or encouragement to use cannabis outside of clinical supervision. All price data comes from pharmacy monitoring and manufacturer announcements available in March and April 2026.
KEY INFORMATION
– In Poland, dried hemp is available only on prescription, valid for 30 days, and sold in pharmacies with the appropriate permit (Regulation of the Minister of Health, 2023).
– In April 2026, over 60 trade names of dried herbs are available, coming from several producers (Chief Pharmaceutical Inspectorate, 2026).
– The strains are divided into three chemotypes: I (high-THC), II (balanced), III (high-CBD), according to de Meijer’s classification (2003).
– The average price of dried herb in pharmacies is PLN 50-65 per gram, in premium stores up to PLN 75 per gram (Rynek Aptek, 2026).
– The therapy is not reimbursed by the National Health Fund, the monthly cost for small doses is PLN 200-450.
– The terpene profile influences the clinical effect through the so-called entourage effect, described by Russ (British Journal of Pharmacology, 2011).
What is the legal status of medical marijuana in Poland in 2026?
Medical cannabis has been legal in Poland since November 1, 2017, when an amendment to the Act on Counteracting Drug Addiction came into force. Hemp flower was included as a pharmaceutical raw material in the pharmacy formula, and any doctor with the right to practice can issue a Rpw prescription (ISAP, Dz.U. 2017 item 1458). The number of patients has been steadily increasing since 2018.
The Polish regulatory model is based on three pillars. The first is a trading authorization issued by the Chief Pharmaceutical Inspector for each trade name. The second is the Rpw prescription intended for narcotic drugs from group I-N. The third is a pharmacy authorized to trade in psychotropic and narcotic drugs, issued by the provincial pharmaceutical inspector.
In 2026, the Polish medical cannabis market is estimated at around 320 million PLN annually, with a growth rate of 30-35% year on year (Rynek Aptek, 2026). The number of pharmacies conducting sales has exceeded 1500. The number of doctors specializing in cannabis therapy is around 600, with the main specialties being palliative medicine, neurology, psychiatry, and pain medicine.
Who can issue a Rpw prescription for hemp flower?
Any doctor with an active right to practice is authorized to issue a Rpw prescription, regardless of specialization. This is a key difference from the German or Italian systems, where a specific specialization is usually required. The prescription is issued in the electronic P1 system, which has been mandatory for prescriptions for narcotic drugs since January 2024.
The prescription is valid for 30 days from the date of issuance. The patient can fill it at any pharmacy with the appropriate authorization. In most provinces, there are between 60 and 200 pharmacies trading in medical cannabis, with the highest numbers in Mazowieckie, Śląskie, and Małopolskie (Pharmacy Market, 2026). The list of pharmacies is not published centrally but is available in specialized clinics.
What are the restrictions on driving?
Polish criminal law recognizes a state after using a narcotic drug as a THC concentration in the blood above 1 ng/ml, and a state under the influence above 2.5 ng/ml (Criminal Code, art. 178a). In practice, this means that a patient after vaporizing flower with THC should refrain from driving for at least 8-12 hours. After oral intake, this can extend to 24 hours.
This is a serious professional and logistical limitation. The Polish Society of Cannabis Medicine has been advocating since 2024 for the introduction of a threshold of 5 ng/ml for patients with an active prescription, analogous to the German regulation from 2024. However, there is currently no exception for medical therapy. A patient with a prescription is treated on the roads like any other driver.
In 2026, therapy with medical cannabis in Poland includes over 300 thousand patients, over 60 registered trade names of flower, and more than 1500 pharmacies with the appropriate authorization (Polish Society of Cannabis Medicine, 2026; Pharmacy Market, 2026). The Rpw prescription is valid for 30 days and is issued by any doctor with the right to practice.
How to read a strain profile – THC, CBD and THCA?
The chemical profile of a medical marijuana strain is described on the pharmacy label as percentages of the main cannabinoids. The standard label gives the sum of the acid and neutral forms, e.g., "THC total 22%" means 22% THC after full decarboxylation of the acid form THCA (Bedrocan, 2025). Understanding this difference is crucial for proper dosing.
In fresh hemp flower, the dominant form is acidic THCA, not neutral THC. THCA is non-psychoactive and has a different therapeutic profile, including anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Only heating to a temperature of 157-220 degrees Celsius, which occurs in a vaporizer or oven, converts THCA into active THC. This process is called decarboxylation.
Manufacturers use different description conventions. Aurora and Bedrocan list "THC total" after decarboxylation as a reference value. Spectrum Therapeutics and Tilray provide separate columns for THC and THCA. Cantourage and Khiron only display the total. For the patient, the most important value is the post-decarboxylation value, as it reflects the actual potency after vaporization.
What does a 1% CBD content in a 22% THC strain mean?
Most strains available in Poland in 2026 have low CBD content, below 1%, as the market traditionally focuses on high-THC chemotypes. This contrasts with the Dutch market, where strains like Bediol (6.3% THC, 8% CBD) and Bedrolite (9% CBD, below 1% THC) occupy a significant share of the turnover (Bedrocan, 2025).
However, CBD content is significant even in high-THC strains. CBD modulates the action of THC through allosteric modulation of the CB1 receptor, reducing the risk of anxiety and tachycardia (PMC, Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2020). For this reason, sensitive patients often choose balanced strains (chemotype II) instead of pure high-THC.
How to interpret terpene content on the COA?
The Certificate of Analysis (COA) from the manufacturer contains the profile of 8-15 main terpenes. The dominant terpene determines the aromatic character and influences the clinical effect. Myrcene above 0.5% indicates a sedative indica profile. Limonene above 0.3% suggests a stimulating sativa profile. Beta-caryophyllene directly activates the CB2 receptor and has anti-inflammatory effects (British Journal of Pharmacology, 2011).
The total terpene content ranges from 0.5% to 3.5% dry mass. Premium strains, such as Bedrocan Bedrobinol or Aurora Sourdough, achieve terpene content above 2%. Low content, below 0.8%, suggests poor storage quality or an aggressive drying method that reduces volatile aromatic compounds.
The pharmacy label for hemp flower provides cannabinoid content after decarboxylation, i.e., the sum of THC and THCA. Only heating above 157 degrees Celsius activates psychoactive THC, which is why a strain with 22% THC works at full strength only after vaporization or baking (Bedrocan, 2025; EMCDDA, 2024).
What are chemotypes I, II, and III of medical cannabis?
The chemotypes of Cannabis sativa L. plants were defined by de Meijer in a 2003 paper and are now a standard in EMCDDA, Bedrocan, and all publications on cannabis medicine (EMCDDA, 2024). The chemotype describes the ratio of the main cannabinoids in the plant and is genetically determined. The classification facilitates the selection of strains for clinical indications.
Chemotype I includes high-THC strains, where THC constitutes over 10% of dry mass, and CBD below 1%. This accounts for about 80% of the Polish market in 2026. These include classic strains like Bedrocan 22%, Aurora Pink Kush 20%, Tilray FL-180, and Spectrum Red No. 2. They are mainly used for chronic pain, spasticity, cachexia, and certain sleep disorders.
Chemotype II includes balanced strains, where the THC to CBD ratio is close to 1:1, most often 6-10% THC and 6-12% CBD. A classic example is Bediol (6.3% THC, 8% CBD) and Spectrum Yellow 1:1. This profile is preferred by patients sensitive to psychoactive effects, in epilepsy, and anxiety disorders.
Chemotype III includes high-CBD strains, with CBD above 5% and THC below 1%. In Poland, available strains include Bedrolite (9% CBD), Spectrum Blue 0:9, and Khiron Pure CBD. They are used in drug-resistant epilepsy, anxiety disorders, and certain pediatric neurological indications. This segment is the least developed in Polish pharmacies.
When is chemotype II better than I?
Chemotype II is preferred for patients starting therapy, for older individuals, and in conditions requiring long-term use without psychoactive tolerance. A multicenter study from 2022 showed that patients on balanced strains had a 32% lower rate of therapy discontinuation due to side effects compared to high-THC (PubMed, European Journal of Pain, 2022).
Classic indications for chemotype II include migraines, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, mild to moderate anxiety disorders, and compulsive disorders. The CBD present in the strain reduces the risk of panic induced by THC and correlates better with daily use during work. This is practically significant for patients who are professionally active.
When is chemotype III without THC sufficient?
Chemotype III is effective where the psychoactive effect of THC is undesirable, but strong CBD action is needed. Classic indications include drug-resistant epilepsy in children (Dravet syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome), some anxiety disorders, and autoimmune diseases. Bedrolite flower with 9% CBD is often an alternative to the registered drug Epidyolex, significantly cheaper.
The classification of chemotypes I, II, and III, developed by de Meijer in 2003, divides medical cannabis strains into high-THC, balanced, and high-CBD. Chemotype II with a THC to CBD ratio around 1:1 is associated with a 32% lower rate of therapy discontinuation compared to chemotype I (European Journal of Pain, 2022; EMCDDA, 2024).
Which medical cannabis producers supply flower to Poland?
The Polish medical cannabis market in 2026 is dominated by several global producers. According to data from the Chief Pharmaceutical Inspectorate from March 2026, 14 importing entities and two domestic producers hold active trading licenses. The list is dominated by Canadian and German companies, which supply about 75% of the volume (Chief Pharmaceutical Inspectorate, 2026).
The market structure can be described in three segments. The first is classic and reference suppliers, such as Bedrocan, Aurora, Spectrum Therapeutics, Tilray. The second is new, dynamically developing suppliers, such as Cantourage, Khiron, Symtomax. The third is niche suppliers with smaller volumes, such as Cosma, Four20 Pharma, PhytoPur Bio, S-Lab, Synoptis Pharma.
Each producer has a different chemotypic strategy. Bedrocan emphasizes repeatability and standardization. Aurora offers a wide range, from 18% to 29% THC. Spectrum Therapeutics uses a color system (Red, Yellow, Blue, Purple) instead of strain names. Tilray combines European and Canadian strains. Khiron focuses on chemotypes II and III for sensitive patients.
| Manufacturer | Country of origin | Number of strains PL 2026 | Chemotypic specialization |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bedrocan International | Netherlands | 5 | Chemotypes I, II, III – reference |
| Aurora Cannabis | Canada | 10-12 | Chemotype I, 18-29% THC |
| Spectrum Therapeutics (Canopy Growth) | Canada | 8-10 | Color system, full range |
| Tilray Medical | Canada/Germany | 6-8 | Chemotype I, premium 22-26% |
| Cantourage | Germany | 6-8 | Chemotypes I and II, hybrids |
| Khiron Life Sciences | Colombia | 3-4 | Chemotypes II and III |
| Symtomax | Portugal | 3-4 | Chemotype I, 20-25% |
| Cosma | Germany | 2-3 | Balanced hybrids |
| Four20 Pharma | Germany | 2-3 | Chemotype I, 22% |
| PhytoPur Bio | Poland/Germany | 2-3 | Chemotype I, hybrids |
Bedrocan – a reference for standardization
Bedrocan International from Veendam in the Netherlands has been producing medical cannabis since 2003 as the official supplier of the Dutch Office of Medicinal Cannabis. Five standardized strains (Bedrocan, Bedrobinol, Bediol, Bedica, Bedrolite) serve as a chemotypic reference for all researchers in Europe. Batch repeatability is at a deviation level below 5% (Bedrocan, 2025).
In Poland, the availability of Bedrocan has historically been limited, but has significantly improved since 2024. In April 2026, all five reference strains are listed in pharmacies: Bedrocan (22% THC), Bedrobinol (13.5% THC), Bediol (6.3% THC, 8% CBD), Bedica (14% THC indica), and Bedrolite (9% CBD). The price of these strains is premium, around 65-75 PLN per gram.
Aurora Cannabis – volume leader
Aurora Cannabis from Edmonton, Canada, is the largest supplier by volume in the Polish market in 2026. The portfolio includes 10-12 active strains, from 18% to 29% THC. Aurora has introduced strains such as Pink Kush, Ghost Train Haze, Black Jelly, Farm Gas, Sourdough, and newer entries from the Whistler Cannabis Co. line.
Aurora's characteristic is aggressive pricing, around 50-60 PLN per gram for most strains, and a large availability of 5 g and 10 g packages. This makes the company a popular choice for patients dosing over 1 g daily. Batch repeatability is good, though slightly lower than Bedrocan.
Spectrum Therapeutics and Tilray
Spectrum Therapeutics, owned by Canopy Growth Corporation, uses a unique color system. Red indicates high THC with myrcene (sedative), Yellow indicates medium THC with limonene, Blue indicates CBD dominance, and Purple indicates a balanced chemotype II. This system is practical for doctors but sometimes confuses patients accustomed to strain names (Spectrum Therapeutics, 2025).
Tilray Medical, operating in Poland with both Canadian and German raw materials, supplies 6-8 strains in 2026, mainly premium with THC 22-26%. The portfolio includes Tilray FL-180, Tilray THC22, Whistler BC. The company places particular emphasis on batch tracking and full COA transparency for each package.
In Poland in 2026, 14 importing producers and two domestic ones hold active licenses for trading medical cannabis. Bedrocan supplies five standardized chemotypically strains (Bedrocan, Bedrobinol, Bediol, Bedica, Bedrolite), while Aurora Cannabis remains the volume leader with 10-12 strains ranging from 18-29% THC (Chief Pharmaceutical Inspectorate, 2026; Bedrocan, 2025).
List of high-THC strains available in Poland in 2026
High-THC strains, or chemotype I with THC above 18%, account for about 80% of the Polish medical cannabis market in 2026. This is the primary group used for chronic pain, spasticity, cachexia, and sleep disorders. The average price per gram in this category is 50-65 PLN, and in the premium segment above 27% reaches 75 PLN (Rynek Aptek, 2026).
Within high-THC, three subsegments can be distinguished. Low high-THC includes strains 18-22% (e.g., Bedrocan, Aurora Pink Kush, Tilray FL-180), the full segment includes 22-26% (e.g., Aurora Ghost Train Haze, Cantourage Mac 1, Spectrum Red No. 2), and premium 27%+ includes the strongest positions on the market (Aurora Sourdough 29%, Aurora Black Jelly 27%, Aurora Farm Gas 27%).
| Strain name | Manufacturer | THC% | CBD% | Genotype | Main indication | Price/g |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bedrocan | Bedrocan | 22% | <1% | Sativa | Chronic pain, fibromyalgia | 65-70 PLN |
| Bedica | Bedrocan | 14% | <1% | Indica | Sleep, spasticity | 60-65 PLN |
| Bedrobinol | Bedrocan | 13,5% | <1% | Sativa | Moderate pain | 60-65 PLN |
| Pink Kush 20% | Aurora | 20% | <1% | Indica | Insomnia, tension | 50-55 PLN |
| Ghost Train Haze 22% | Aurora | 22% | <1% | Sativa | Depression, fatigue | 55-60 PLN |
| Delahaze 22% | Aurora | 22% | <1% | Sativa | Anxiety, lack of concentration | 55-60 PLN |
| Black Jelly 27% | Aurora | 27% | <1% | Sativa | Fatigue, pain | 70-75 PLN |
| Farm Gas 27% | Aurora | 27% | <1% | Indica | Chronic pain, sleep | 70-75 PLN |
| Sourdough 29% | Aurora | 29% | <1% | Indica | Advanced pain | 72-78 PLN |
| Snowtorious Krypton 25% | Spectrum/Canopy | 25% | <1% | Indica | Inflammation | 62-68 PLN |
| Red Velvet Cake 27% | Spectrum/Canopy | 27% | <1% | Sativa | Mood, creativity | 68-74 PLN |
| Kush Mints 27% | Spectrum/Canopy | 27% | <1% | Hybrid | Daily dosing | 68-74 PLN |
| Mac 1 25% | Cantourage | 25% | <1% | Hybrid | Daily functioning | 62-68 PLN |
| Gelato 33 26% | Cantourage | 26% | <1% | Hybrid | Pain, anxiety | 65-70 PLN |
| Mac 1 22% | Four20 Pharma | 22% | <1% | Hybrid/Indica | Evening pain | 55-60 PLN |
| Gorilla Glue #4 22% | Four20 Pharma | 22% | <1% | Hybrid/Indica | Cramps, insomnia | 55-60 PLN |
| Humble Warrior 23% | Symtomax | 23% | <1% | Hybrid/Sativa | Depression, balance | 55-62 PLN |
| Gorilla Glue 23% | Symtomax | 23% | <1% | Hybrid/Indica | Pain, relief | 55-62 PLN |
| Mystic Wonder 23% | Symtomax | 23% | <1% | Hybrid/Indica | Pain, creativity | 55-62 PLN |
| Frosted Lemon Angel 24% | PhytoPur Bio | 24% | <1% | Hybrid/Indica | Anxiety, inflammation | 58-65 PLN |
| Big Purple Dragon 24% | PhytoPur Bio | 24% | <1% | Hybrid | Daily activity | 58-65 PLN |
| Lilac Diesel 18% | S-Lab | 18% | <1% | Hybrid/Sativa | Beginner patient | 48-54 PLN |
| Tilray FL-180 | Tilray Medical | 18% | <1% | Sativa | Moderate pain | 52-58 PLN |
| Tilray THC22 | Tilray Medical | 22% | <1% | Indica | Sleep, pain | 56-62 PLN |
Indica vs Sativa strains – how do they differ in therapy?
The Indica/Sativa classification, although botanically simplified, remains a practical indicator for patients. Indica typically contains higher myrcene and caryophyllene, which translates to sedative, muscle-relaxing effects, recommended for the evening. Sativa typically contains higher limonene and pinene, which gives a stimulating effect, recommended for the morning or daytime.
In clinical practice, the difference between indica and sativa with the same THC can be as much as 30% in subjective sedation assessment (PubMed, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 2023). Patients often conduct therapy with two strains: sativa in the morning and indica in the evening, for optimal coverage of the circadian rhythm.
Premium 27%+ – when is it worth it?
Premium strains with THC above 27% (Aurora Sourdough 29%, Black Jelly 27%, Farm Gas 27%) are mainly intended for patients with advanced cancer pain, severe spasticity in multiple sclerosis, and patients with high tolerance after years of therapy. For a naive patient, they are usually too strong and can induce anxiety.
The higher price of these strains, up to 75 PLN per gram, is often disproportionate to the clinical effect. A patient can achieve the same daily dose of THC by vaporizing 0.5 g of a 22% strain instead of 0.4 g of a 28% strain. The daily cost difference is often 5-10 PLN, but the difference in mental comfort can be significant for sensitive individuals.
List of balanced strains (chemotype II) and high-CBD strains (chemotype III)
Balanced and high-CBD strains account for about 18-20% of the Polish medical cannabis market in 2026, with an estimated growth trend of 8-10% annually (Rynek Aptek, 2026). Their growing popularity stems from better tolerance in sensitive patients, older patients, and in pediatric conditions. Availability remains lower than that of chemotype I.
Balanced strains (chemotype II) are characterized by a THC to CBD ratio around 1:1, most often 6-10% THC and 6-12% CBD. Classic positions include Bediol (Bedrocan), Spectrum Yellow 1:1, Khiron Balanced 1:1, and Cantourage Penelope 1:1. The price is usually similar to chemotype I, around 55-65 PLN per gram.
High-CBD (chemotype III) contains CBD above 5% with THC below 1%. Classic positions include Bedrolite (9% CBD), Spectrum Blue 0:9, and Khiron Pure CBD. The price is comparable to chemotype I, but due to improved clinical effects in children (epilepsy) and older adults, this segment is particularly valuable. Unfortunately, availability in Polish pharmacies is limited, around 30% of pharmacies conducting sales.
| Strain name | Manufacturer | THC% | CBD% | Chemotype | Main indication | Price/g |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bediol | Bedrocan | 6,3% | 8% | II (1:1) | Anxiety, fibromyalgia | 62-68 PLN |
| Spectrum Yellow 1:1 | Spectrum | 9% | 9% | II (1:1) | Migraine, IBS | 58-65 PLN |
| Khiron Balanced 1:1 | Khiron | 8% | 8% | II (1:1) | Anxiety, initial sleep | 55-62 PLN |
| Cantourage Penelope | Cantourage | 10% | 8% | II | Mixed pain | 58-65 PLN |
| Aurora 1:1 Hybrid | Aurora | 9% | 10% | II | Starting patient | 52-58 PLN |
| Bedrolite | Bedrocan | <1% | 9% | III | Epilepsy, anxiety | 60-68 PLN |
| Spectrum Blue 0:9 | Spectrum | <1% | 9% | III | Pediatric epilepsy | 58-65 PLN |
| Khiron Pure CBD | Khiron | <1% | 10% | III | Anxiety, childhood autism | 56-62 PLN |
| Spectrum Purple 1:14 | Spectrum | 1% | 14% | III | Pediatrics, neurodegeneration | 62-70 PLN |
When to choose Bediol instead of Bedrocan?
Bediol with a THC:CBD ratio of 6.3%:8% is a classic choice for patients starting therapy. CBD modulates the action of THC, reducing the risk of anxiety, tachycardia, and paranoia typical of high doses of THC. A cohort study from Italy in 2022 showed that patients on Bediol had a 41% lower rate of therapy interruption in the first 12 weeks (Italian Cannabis Registry, 2022).
Bediol is also preferred in fibromyalgia and migraines, where the balance of THC and CBD provides a fuller analgesic effect without excessive sedation. The standard dosage is 0.1-0.3 g 2-3 times a day, vaporized or in the form of flower as an ingredient in oil tincture. Preparing an oil extract in the pharmacy increases the cost by 15-25%.
Bedrolite and Spectrum Blue – when chemotype III?
Bedrolite with 9% CBD and below 1% THC is often used in Polish epilepsy centers as a cheaper alternative to Epidyolex. The price of 60-68 PLN per gram, with a typical dose of 1-2 g daily, results in a monthly cost of 1800-4080 PLN, comparable to or lower than treatment with a ready-made CBD preparation. The benefit is the presence of all minor cannabinoids and terpenes, i.e., the entourage effect.
Spectrum Blue 0:9 and Khiron Pure CBD are analogous alternatives. Spectrum Purple with 1% THC and 14% CBD offers even more CBD, but on the condition of accepting trace THC. This is a choice for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, where 1% THC can provide therapeutic synergy. Dosing should only be under the supervision of a neurologist.
Balanced strains of chemotype II (Bediol, Spectrum Yellow 1:1, Khiron Balanced) show a 41% lower rate of therapy interruption in the first 12 weeks compared to chemotype I, according to the Italian cannabis patient registry from 2022 (Italian Cannabis Registry, 2022). Chemotype III with dominant CBD is chosen in drug-resistant epilepsy as a cheaper alternative to Epidyolex.
What is the price and availability of medical cannabis in Polish pharmacies in 2026?
The average price of hemp flower in Poland in the first quarter of 2026 is 58 PLN per gram, ranging from 45 PLN to 78 PLN, depending on the manufacturer and strain strength (Rynek Aptek, 2026). Pharmacy packages are typically available in sizes of 1 g, 5 g, 10 g, and less frequently 15 g. Larger packages carry a discount of about 5-10% per gram.
The monthly cost of therapy depends on the dose. A starting patient with a dose of 0.3 g daily spends about 540 PLN monthly. A patient with chronic pain requiring 1 g daily spends 1700-1800 PLN. Severe oncological or neurological conditions, where the dose reaches 2-3 g daily, mean a cost of 3500-6500 PLN monthly. This is a significant financial burden.
Availability in pharmacies is geographically uneven. In Warsaw, Krakow, and Wroclaw, the selection typically includes 30-50 trade names. In smaller towns, 5-10. In rural municipalities, trading is virtually non-existent. Patients often order flower through pharmacies with courier delivery, which has been legal for Rpw prescriptions since 2023.
Are medical cannabis prices falling?
Yes, the price of flower in Poland has dropped from about 65 PLN per gram in 2022 to 58 PLN in 2026, a decrease of about 11% (Pharmacy Market, 2026). The deflationary trend is due to three factors: an increase in import volume, the emergence of suppliers from lower-priced countries (Portugal, Colombia), and local competition from PhytoPur Bio and Synoptis Pharma.
Forecasts for 2028 predict further price drops to around 45-50 PLN per gram for standard strains. Domestic cultivation of medical cannabis, for which the first licenses were issued in 2023, could further reduce prices by 15-20% (Hemp Facts, 2026). The first Polish medical harvests entered the market in 2024 in small quantities.
Collaborating pharmacies and distribution hubs
The Polish medical cannabis distribution market is concentrated around several pharmacy hubs. Chains like Doz, Cefarm, Apteki Świat Zdrowia, and selected independent pharmacies account for 70-80% of the volume. Orders can be placed in person or online, and courier delivery is completed within 24-48 hours, depending on the manufacturer's warehouse.
When choosing a pharmacy, a patient should check three criteria: first, a valid license to trade in narcotics from the IN group. Second, regular availability of the selected strain – import delays can reach 2-4 weeks for less popular items. Third, adequate pharmacy service, with a pharmacist familiar with specific cannabis dosages.
The average price of medical cannabis in Polish pharmacies in the first quarter of 2026 is 58 PLN per gram, and the monthly cost of therapy ranges from 540 PLN (0.3 g/day dose) to 6500 PLN (3 g/day dose). The deflationary trend is about 11% since 2022, and domestic cannabis cultivation could lower prices to 45-50 PLN per gram by 2028 (Rynek Aptek, 2026).
What is the procedure for the Rpw prescription for medical cannabis?
The procedure for obtaining a Rpw prescription for medical cannabis in Poland includes medical qualification, issuing an e-prescription in the P1 system, and filling it at the chosen pharmacy. The entire procedure typically takes 1-3 days from the first medical visit, assuming complete medical documentation. The four-digit prescription code is sent to the patient via SMS or email (Ministry of Health, 2026).
The first step is medical qualification. The doctor assesses whether the patient's clinical condition justifies cannabis therapy. Classic indications include chronic pain unresponsive to standard treatment, spasticity in multiple sclerosis, cachexia, certain epilepsies, chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting, and selected anxiety and depressive disorders. However, the list of indications is not legally closed, giving the doctor interpretative freedom.
The second step is strain selection. The doctor or pharmacist indicates a specific chemotype and quantity. For a starting patient, the standard is chemotype II or low chemotype I (Bediol, Aurora Pink Kush 20%, Bedrocan 22%) in a 5 g package. Advanced patients with documented history may start with 10 g. The prescription includes the exact trade name, manufacturer, and quantity.
What must the Rpw prescription contain?
The Rpw prescription for medical cannabis must include the trade name of the strain, manufacturer, form (hemp flower), quantity in grams, designation of qualification as a narcotic drug from group I-N, date of issuance, P1 barcode, and the doctor's signature and stamp. The absence of any of these elements means it cannot be filled at the pharmacy.
The quantity prescribed on one prescription cannot exceed the patient's 90-day supply, according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health from 2023. In practice, most doctors issue prescriptions for 30 days, which facilitates dosage control and responses to therapy. The prescription is valid for 30 days from the date of issuance, regardless of the quantity of flower prescribed.
What does the first qualification visit look like?
The first qualification visit at a specialized clinic typically lasts 30-45 minutes and costs 200-350 PLN, depending on the city and doctor. The patient comes with medical documentation describing previous treatments, imaging results, and a history of therapeutic attempts. The doctor conducts an interview, assesses qualification, and, if positive, issues a prescription for 30 days.
The follow-up visit typically occurs after 30 days, costs 150-250 PLN, and serves to assess therapeutic response. The doctor modifies the dose, possibly changing the strain. After 3-6 months, effective therapy may transition to a prescription renewal scheme without visual consultation, in selected clinics. The renewal cost is 50-100 PLN.
Is online treatment (telemedicine) possible?
Yes. Polish law has allowed the issuance of Rpw prescriptions in telemedicine mode since 2020. The first qualification visit can take place as a video consultation, provided there is complete medical documentation and patient consent. Follow-up visits are more often conducted online, significantly facilitating access for patients from smaller towns.
However, the Polish Society of Cannabis Medicine recommends the first qualification visit in person, if possible. Direct patient assessment, including psychiatric evaluation, increases the safety of therapy and allows for better strain selection. Online visits are optimal for patients after the first qualification.
Practical tips for patients starting therapy
Patients beginning medical marijuana therapy should follow the "start low, go slow" principle, meaning they should begin with a low dose and gradually increase it every 3-7 days. The standard starting dose is 0.05-0.1 g of chemotype II herb vaporized once daily in the evening. The full therapeutic effect develops within 2-4 weeks of regular use (Polish Society of Cannabis Medicine, 2026).
The choice of administration method is crucial. Vaporization at a temperature of 180-210 degrees Celsius provides the fastest action (5-15 minutes) and the highest bioavailability (up to 30%). Oral forms (capsules, oils prepared in pharmacies, teas) act more slowly (60-180 minutes), but the effect lasts 6-8 hours, which is practical in chronic pain therapy.
Keeping a therapy journal is extremely important in the first 8-12 weeks. The patient records the date, time, dose, method of intake, and well-being after 30 minutes, 2 hours, and 6 hours. The journal allows the doctor to precisely modify the therapy scheme. Mobile applications like Strainprint or CannaLogic facilitate data collection.
How to vaporize medical flower?
The vaporizer should be a convection or convection-conduction device, with precise temperature control in the range of 160-220 degrees Celsius. Recommended models include Storz und Bickel Mighty+, Volcano Hybrid, Davinci IQ2, Pax Plus. The price of a good device ranges from 700 to 3500 PLN. Cheaper pen-style vaporizers do not provide stable temperature and are not recommended.
Vaporized dosing: 0.05-0.1 g of flower per session, one session is 4-8 inhalations. After 5-15 minutes, the patient assesses the effect. If insufficient, another session after an hour. The standard daily dose in chronic pain therapy is 0.3-1 g, divided into 3-4 sessions. The vaporizer should be cooled after the session, and cleaned every 5-10 sessions with the brush included with the device.
Oral forms of supply – oil and capsules
Pharmacy oil from medical cannabis is prepared by decarboxylating the flower and extracting it with MCT oil or olive oil. The compounding procedure takes 2-3 days and costs 30-60 PLN plus the price of the flower. The standard concentration of pharmacy oils is 1-2% THC, i.e., 10-20 mg/ml. Dosing: 0.5-2 ml daily divided into 2 doses.
Compounded capsules are more convenient but less frequently available and more expensive. The pharmacist decarboxylates the flower, grinds it into powder, mixes it with a neutral carrier, and capsules it. The dose per capsule is typically 5-10 mg THC. The price for 30 capsules is 150-250 PLN plus the flower. This is a good option for patients requiring repeatability and stable dosing.
What to avoid during therapy?
A patient undergoing medical cannabis therapy should avoid alcohol (which enhances sedation and tachycardia), driving (THC threshold 1-2.5 ng/ml), and combining with benzodiazepines without medical supervision (which can potentiate respiratory depression). Combining with opioids requires careful reduction of the opioid dose, as cannabis potentiates analgesic effects (PubMed, Pain Medicine, 2023).
One should also avoid self-changing strains without consulting a doctor. Each chemotype has a different pharmacological profile and requires body adaptation. Jumping from chemotype II to premium chemotype I (29% THC) without adjusting the dose is a common cause of panic, tachycardia, and therapy discontinuation. Modification should occur gradually, within one chemotype or with a doctor.
From clinical practice: The Polish Society of Cannabis Medicine in its 2025 guidelines recommends starting therapy with chemotype II (Bediol, Spectrum Yellow 1:1) for 70% of naive patients due to better tolerance profile and lower risk of anxiety. Only with insufficient analgesic effect after 2-4 weeks can a change to chemotype I be considered.
Most common clinical indications for medical cannabis in Poland
The main clinical indications for therapy with medical cannabis in Poland in 2026 include chronic pain (45% of all prescriptions), spasticity in multiple sclerosis (12%), anxiety and depressive disorders (15%), sleep disorders (10%), drug-resistant epilepsy (5%), oncological cachexia (8%), and other indications (5%) (Polish Society of Cannabis Medicine, 2026). Effectiveness varies significantly depending on the condition.
Chronic pain – the largest group of patients
Chronic pain, especially neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, and pain in rheumatic diseases, is the indication with the largest evidence base. A Cochrane review from 2018 included 16 clinical studies involving 1750 patients and showed moderate effectiveness of cannabis in neuropathic pain, with an NNT (number needed to treat) of 11 (Cochrane Database, 2018).
Standard therapy scheme for chronic pain: chemotype II (Bediol) as a starting point, at a dose of 0.1-0.3 g 2-3 times a day. After 4 weeks, assessment. If insufficient, change to chemotype I (Bedrocan 22%) or add an evening chemotype I (Aurora Pink Kush 20%). Daily dose typically 0.5-1.2 g. In advanced cancer pain, up to 2-3 g daily.
Spasticity in multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) with accompanying spasticity is a first-line indication for cannabis therapy. In Poland, a registered drug Sativex (nabiximols), a standardized cannabis extract with a THC:CBD ratio of 1:1, is available. Sativex is partially reimbursed in MS, unlike flower. Patients often combine Sativex with flower for optimal dosing.
Hemp flower of chemotype I (Bedica 14%, Aurora Pink Kush 20%, Tilray FL-180) is typically taken in MS in the evening to reduce nighttime spasticity. The standard dose is 0.2-0.5 g in the evening. Some patients prefer a scheme of 3 times a day with smaller doses (0.1 g in the morning, 0.1 g at noon, 0.3 g in the evening).
Drug-resistant epilepsy – the role of high-CBD
In drug-resistant epilepsy, CBD plays a dominant role, which is why chemotype III (Bedrolite, Spectrum Blue 0:9, Khiron Pure CBD) or the registered drug Epidyolex is used. The CBD dose in epilepsy is 5-20 mg/kg of body weight daily, which means for an adult 350-1400 mg of CBD daily. Bedrolite flower with 9% CBD provides this dose using 4-15 g daily, which is impractical. Therefore, high-concentration compounded oils are the standard.
In children with Dravet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, Epidyolex is the first choice due to full standardization and data from RCT studies. Bedrolite flower may be a supplement for adult patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, where full-spectrum extract with terpenes provides additional therapeutic synergy beyond pure CBD.
When is it worth considering legal CBD alternatives without a prescription?
For patients who do not qualify for medical cannabis therapy or seek support for milder ailments, legal CBD products without a prescription are available. The Polish CBD market is estimated at around 145 million euros in 2026, with a growth forecast to 200 million euros by 2028 (Hemp Facts, 2026). This is a rapidly growing segment, available in pharmacies, herbal shops, and online.
The key difference: over-the-counter CBD comes from industrial hemp Cannabis sativa L. with THC below 0.3% (ISAP, Dz.U. 2005 No. 179 item 1485). It does not replace medical cannabis therapy in conditions requiring THC doses, but works well for mild stress, sleep disorders, recovery after exertion, and mild skin and muscle inflammation.
In daily wellness support, broad spectrum oils with 5-10% CBD are standard. Dosing: 10-30 mg of CBD daily sublingually, for most adults. Drops under the tongue for 60-90 seconds, once or twice a day. Full effect after 2-4 weeks of regular use. Safety is good, with the most common side effects being drowsiness and dry mouth.
How does broad spectrum differ from full medical extract?
Broad spectrum CBD oil contains all cannabinoids from industrial hemp except THC. Full medical extract (full extract cannabis oil) from the pharmacy, however, contains THC in an amount determined by the formula, typically 1-5%. The functional difference is significant: broad spectrum has no psychoactive effects and is not detected in drug tests, while the pharmacy extract is.
For daily wellness support, mental performance, post-sport recovery, and everyday stress, broad spectrum is sufficient and safe. For the treatment of chronic pain, spasticity, severe anxiety disorders, and epilepsy, a full-spectrum extract or dried herb is required, i.e., the Rpw prescription route. These are two different product segments, despite their common plant origin.
The boundary between wellness support and medical therapy
The boundary is not sharp, but it can be defined by three criteria. First, the severity of symptoms: if symptoms limit professional and social functioning, medical therapy is needed. Second, doses: above 100 mg of CBD daily or any dose of THC require medical supervision. Third, conditions: cancer pain, epilepsy, MS always require a doctor.
For mild stress, difficulty falling asleep 1-2 times a week, post-workout recovery, and general wellness support, over-the-counter CBD oil is sufficient for most people. If there's no improvement after four weeks of regular use, it's worth consulting your GP and considering a more in-depth diagnosis and potentially a prescription for CBD.
The Polish CBD market without a prescription is growing in 2026 to 145 million euros, and broad spectrum oils with 5-10% CBD are a standard alternative for patients who do not qualify for a Rpw prescription for hemp flower (Hemp Facts, 2026). A dose of 10-30 mg of CBD daily covers typical needs for sleep and recovery support in adults.
Frequently Asked Questions
How many medical cannabis strains are available in Poland in 2026?
In April 2026, over 60 registered trade names of hemp flower from a dozen manufacturers, including Aurora, Bedrocan, Spectrum Therapeutics, Tilray, Cantourage, Khiron, Symtomax, Cosma, and Four20 Pharma, are listed in Polish pharmacies (Chief Pharmaceutical Inspectorate, 2026). This number changes quarterly based on trading permits.
What prescription is needed for medical cannabis in Poland?
Hemp flower is issued only with a Rpw prescription, which is a prescription for narcotic drugs from group I-N. It is issued by a doctor with the right to practice, regardless of specialization. The prescription is filled in pharmacies with the appropriate authorization and is valid for 30 days from the date of issuance (Regulation of the Minister of Health, 2023).
How much does a gram of medical cannabis cost in Poland in 2026?
The average price of hemp flower in Polish pharmacies in the first quarter of 2026 ranges from 50-65 PLN per gram, and for premium strains with THC above 27% it reaches 75 PLN per gram (Rynek Aptek, 2026). A 5 g package typically costs 250-350 PLN, and a 10 g package from 480 to 650 PLN.
What are the differences between chemotypes I, II, and III of medical cannabis?
Chemotype I includes high-THC strains (THC above 10%, CBD below 1%). Chemotype II includes balanced strains (THC and CBD in a ratio close to 1:1). Chemotype III includes high-CBD strains (CBD above 5%, THC below 1%). The classification is based on de Meijer's work from 2003 and is used by Bedrocan and EMCDDA (2024).
How to read the strain profile THC, CBD, and THCA?
Manufacturers provide cannabinoid content as the sum of the acidic form (THCA, CBDA) and the neutral form (THC, CBD). The pharmacy label contains both values or the value after decarboxylation. Active THC is only produced after heating, which is why unheated flower in oral form acts significantly weaker than vaporized (Bedrocan, 2025).
Which medical cannabis producers supply flower to Polish pharmacies?
In 2026, companies such as Aurora Cannabis (Canada), Bedrocan International (Netherlands), Spectrum Therapeutics owned by Canopy Growth, Tilray Medical, Cantourage, Khiron Life Sciences, Symtomax, Cosma, Four20 Pharma, PhytoPur Bio, S-Lab, and Polish Synoptis Pharma operate in Poland. A complete list of permits is published by the Chief Pharmaceutical Inspectorate.
Is medical marijuana reimbursed by NFZ?
No. Hemp flower remains outside the list of drugs reimbursed by the National Health Fund in 2026, so the patient bears 100% of the costs (Ministry of Health, 2026). The exception applies to ready-made medicinal products Sativex and Epidyolex in narrow indications (multiple sclerosis, drug-resistant epilepsy).
What are the Bedrocan, Bedica, and Bedrolite strains?
Bedrocan, Bedica, Bediol, Bedrolite, and Bedropuur are standardized strains produced by Bedrocan International since 2003. Bedrocan contains 22% THC and below 1% CBD, Bediol 6.3% THC and 8% CBD, Bedrolite 9% CBD and below 1% THC. They serve as a chemotypic reference for researchers in Europe (Bedrocan, 2025).
Can a family doctor issue a prescription for medical cannabis?
Yes. Polish law does not restrict the issuance of Rpw prescriptions to specialists. Any doctor with an active right to practice can write a prescription after qualifying the patient. In practice, most prescriptions are issued by doctors specializing in cannabis therapy, of which there are about 600 in Poland in 2026 (Polish Society of Cannabis Medicine, 2026).
What are the legal CBD alternatives without a prescription?
Without a prescription, one can buy oils, capsules, and CBD cosmetics derived from industrial hemp Cannabis sativa L. with THC content below 0.3%. Broad spectrum products with 5-15% CBD are legal for retail and online sales (ISAP, Dz.U. 2005 No. 179 item 1485). They do not replace medical cannabis therapy but complement daily wellness support.
Summary and further reading
The Polish medical cannabis market in 2026 is mature, offering over 60 strains from a dozen producers, in the price range of 45-78 PLN per gram. Patients can choose between classic chemotype I (Aurora, Tilray, Symtomax), balanced chemotype II (Bediol, Spectrum Yellow, Khiron Balanced), and high CBD chemotype III (Bedrolite, Spectrum Blue). The choice should be based on clinical indication, individual sensitivity, and consultation with a doctor.
The Rpw prescription procedure is available to any patient with documented medical indications. The first qualification visit costs 200-350 PLN, and subsequent follow-up visits 150-250 PLN. Filling the prescription at the pharmacy takes 1-7 days, with the possibility of courier delivery. The monthly cost of therapy ranges from 540 PLN at low doses to 6500 PLN at high doses. The lack of NFZ reimbursement remains the main barrier.
For individuals who do not qualify for a Rpw prescription but seek daily support for stress, sleep disorders, and recovery, legal broad spectrum CBD oils are available without a prescription. Standard concentrations of 5-10% CBD cover typical needs at doses of 10-30 mg daily.
The development of cannabis therapy in Poland is moving towards greater availability, lower prices, and a broader offer of chemotypes II and III. Domestic cultivation of medical cannabis, with the first permits issued in 2023, could reduce costs by 15-20% by 2028. Awareness among doctors is increasing, and the Polish Society of Cannabis Medicine regularly publishes guidelines and organizes training. This guide will be updated quarterly with new GIF permits.
This article is informational and educational and does not constitute medical advice. The decision to start, modify, or discontinue medical cannabis therapy is always made by the attending physician. Before starting to use cannabis for therapeutic purposes, consult your doctor, especially if you are taking other medications, are pregnant, breastfeeding, have a history of psychotic disorders, or serious cardiovascular diseases. The content of this article reflects the legal and market state as of April 2026, with the next planned update scheduled for April 2027.
Author: Michał Waluk, Editor of the Bucha blog
Publication date: April 26, 2026
Last update: April 26, 2026
Next planned update: April 26, 2027
